High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy—Chronic Kidney Disease

Also called: CKD

You have two kidneys, each about the size of your fist. Their main job is to filter your blood. They remove wastes and extra water, which become urine. They also keep the body’s chemicals balanced, help control blood pressure, and make hormones.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) means that your kidneys are damaged and can’t filter blood as they should. This damage can cause wastes to build up in your body. It can also cause other problems that can harm your health. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the most common causes of CKD.

The kidney damage occurs slowly over many years. Many people don’t have any symptoms until their kidney disease is very advanced. Blood and urine tests are the only way to know if you have kidney disease.

Treatments cannot cure kidney disease, but they may slow kidney disease. They include medicines to lower blood pressure, control blood sugar, and lower cholesterol. CKD may still get worse over time. Sometimes it can lead to kidney failure. If your kidneys fail, you will need dialysis or a kidney transplantation.

You can take steps to keep your kidneys healthier longer:

• Choose foods with less salt (sodium)
• Control your blood pressure; your health care provider can tell you what your blood pressure should be
• Keep your blood sugar in the target range, if you have diabetes
• Limit the amount of alcohol you drink
• Choose foods that are healthy for your heart: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy foods
• Lose weight if you are overweight
• Be physically active
• Don’t smoke

NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

• ACE inhibitors (Medical Encyclopedia)
• Chronic kidney disease (Medical Encyclopedia)
• High Blood Pressure (American Kidney Fund)

If you are pregnant, high blood pressure can cause problems for you and your unborn baby. You may have had high blood pressure before you got pregnant. Or you may get it once you are pregnant – a condition called gestational hypertension. Either one can cause low birth weight or premature delivery of the baby.

Controlling your blood pressure during pregnancy and getting regular prenatal care are important for the health of you and your baby. Treatments for high blood pressure in pregnancy may include close monitoring of the baby, lifestyle changes, and certain medicines.

Some pregnant women with high blood pressure develop preeclampsia. It’s a sudden increase in blood pressure after the 20th week of pregnancy. It can be life-threatening for both you and the unborn baby. There is no proven way to prevent it. Most women who have signs of preeclampsia are closely monitored to lessen or avoid complications. The only way to “cure” preeclampsia is to deliver the baby.

NIH: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

• Eclampsia (Medical Encyclopedia)
• HELLP syndrome (Medical Encyclopedia)
• Preeclampsia (Medical Encyclopedia)
• Preeclampsia – self-care (Medical Encyclopedia)