HIV/AIDS

Also called: AIDS, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus

HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It harms your immune system by destroying the white blood cells that fight infection. This puts you at risk for serious infections and certain cancers. AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is the final stage of infection with HIV. Not everyone with HIV develops AIDS.

HIV most often spreads through unprotected sex with an infected person. It may also spread by sharing drug needles or through contact with the blood of an infected person. Women can give it to their babies during pregnancy or childbirth.

The first signs of HIV infection may be swollen glands and flu-like symptoms. These may come and go within two to four weeks. Severe symptoms may not appear until months or years later.

A blood test can tell if you have HIV infection. Your health care provider can do the test, or you can use a home testing kit. Or to find free testing sites, call the national referral hotline at 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636 in English and en español; 1-888-232-6348 – TTY).

There is no cure, but there are many medicines that fight HIV infection and lower the risk of infecting others. People who get early treatment can live with the disease for a long time.

• AIDS (Medical Encyclopedia)
• Asymptomatic HIV infection (Medical Encyclopedia)
• Bloodborne pathogens (Medical Encyclopedia)
• Condom Fact Sheet in Brief (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) – PDF
• ELISA/Western blot tests for HIV (Medical Encyclopedia)
• T-cell count (Medical Encyclopedia)

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